When not acted upon promptly, high IOP can damage optic nerve and cause irreversible blindness. Glaucoma is an eye disease that is characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), which is the pressure inside the eyes. Diuretic agents are used in management of hypertension to reduce blood pressure by decreasing circulating fluid volume and sodium. When not acted upon promptly, this can lead to multiple organ failure and severe cardiovascular complications. Hypertension is persistent higher-than-normal blood pressure and is primarily idiopathic (no known cause). Edema in renal diseases is because of damaged basement membrane which makes it possible for plasma proteins to be lost into urine.Cirrhosis and other liver diseases present with edema because of two reasons: 1) reduced plasma protein production leading to decreased oncotic pressure (pressure that holds the fluid in) and 2) portal system obstruction due to hepatic vessel congestion.As a result, blood volume increases and sodium is retained. Edema in HF is caused by activation of the renin-angiotensin system due to an inefficient pumping activity of the heart.It can be typically seen in patients with heart failure (HF), cirrhosis and other liver diseases, and renal diseases. Here is a table of commonly encountered diuretic agents, their generic names, and brand names:ĭisease Spotlight: Edema, Hypertension, and GlaucomaĮdema is the accumulation of fluids in the interstitial spaces. Nursing Considerations for Diuretic Drugs.Disease Spotlight: Edema, Hypertension, and Glaucoma.It is used in the management of diseases like glaucoma, hypertension, and edema in heart failure, liver failure, and renal diseases.
To some extent, they also increase the volume of urine produced by the kidneys.īy blocking the absorptive capacity of cells lining the renal tubules for sodium, intravascular volume and the eventual leaking of fluid from capillaries is reduced and prevented. Diuretics are drugs that primarily increase the excretion of sodium.
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